Fire and Brimstone in Hell was first published in 1670. This version was
first published in 1994 and is copyrighted. © Copyright 1994 by International Outreach, Inc.
Psalm 11:6 Upon the wicked he shall rain snares, fire and brimstone,
and an horrible tempest, this shall be the portion of their cup.
Chapter 1
The Introduction
The flames and fiery streams, which were rained down from heaven upon Sodom
and Gomorrah formerly, and which issued forth from the earth in the eruptions
of Mount Aetna lately, are but shadows of the future flames, and like painted
fire in comparison, with the streams of fire and brimstone, which in hell
shall burn the wicked eternally. For as the glory of heaven (while we are
in the dark vale of this world) does far exceed all conception, and therefore
cannot be set forth in full by any description; but as one says, whoever
attempts to speak of an heavenly state, while himself is upon the earth,
his discourse of that must needs be like the dark dreams and imaginations
of a child, concerning the affairs of this world, while itself is yet swaddled
and cradled in the womb; and the Apostle Paul himself, though he had been
taken up unto the third heaven, and had such discoveries made unto him there,
that he lacked words to utter what they were, as II Corinthians 12:2, 3,
4, yet acknowledges that he understood like a child, and had but dark views
of this glory, even as through a glass, I Corinthians 13:11, 12. So also
the torment of hell through that fire and brimstone, which shall burn the
wicked, is beyond all thought to imagine, or words to express. And when
we have strained our conceptions unto the highest pitch, when we have made
use of the most dreadful and tremendous things that ever came to our eyes
or ears, or any way to our understanding to help us in forming notions to
ourselves of the horrible punishment, which the damned shall endure in the
unquenchable flames of hell-fire; all does fall beneath and far short of
the thing, all our views hereof by any representations, being like our sight
of colours in the night, which if not in whole, yet in the greatest part
do fly from our sight and disappear.
Yet since we are capable of understanding such future things only by shadows
and representations, and nothing can represent future burnings in hell so
well, as the greatest burnings that have been upon the earth, therefore
we may receive some help by the relation of Sodom and Aetna's storms and
streams of fire and brimstone, to conceive something of those, whereby the
wicked in hell shall eternally be tormented.
Doctrine. That an horrible tempest of fire and brimstone, God will rain
upon the wicked in hell, as their deserved portion.
In treating of this great subject, I shall show,
First, That there is such a place as hell, where the wicked shall be tormented.
Secondly, That it is a place of fire and brimstone.
Thirdly, What are the properties of this fire.
Fourthly, Who are the persons that shall eternally burn in these flames.
Fifthly, The reason of the eternal torment of the wicked by these flames.
Sixthly, And lastly, And chiefly I shall endeavour to improve this doctrine
in some uses.
Chapter 2
That there is such a place as hell,
where the wicked shall be tormented
The blind heathen were persuaded of this; for however they were ignorant
of Christ, and his first coming to redeem the world, as also of the resurrection,
and his second coming to judge the world; yet by the light of nature and
reasonings from thence, they arrived at the understanding of a Deity, who
was both just and good, as also that the soul was immortal, and that both
rewards and punishment were prepared for the souls of men after this life,
according as they were found, either virtuous or vicious; and therefore
as they did feign such a place as Elisian Fields, where the virtuous should
spend an eternity in pleasures: So also a place called Tartarus, or hell,
where the vicious and impious should be eternally tormented. This Tartarus
the poets did set forth with many fictions, to frighten people from vicious
practices, such as of the four Lakes of Acheron, Stix, Phlegethon, and Cocytus,
over which Charon in his Boat did ferry over the departed souls; of the
three Judges Aeacus, Minos, and Rhadamanthys, who were to call the souls
to an account, and judge them to their state; of the three furies Tisiphone,
Megaera, and Alecto, who lashed guilty souls to extort confession from them:
of Cerberus the dog of hell with three heads, which would let none come
forth, when once they were in; and of several sorts of punishment inflicted,
iron chains, horrid stripes, gnawing of vultures, wheels, rowling great
stones, and the like. And Virgil described this place, which he feigneth
Aeneas to have visited (Lib. 6.), as a place where wickedness is punished,
a place of fiery streams where the noise of chains, cruel lashes, groans,
and cries are heard day and night.
Although most of these things which we may find in many poets, and other
heathen authors are fictions of their own brains, yet that there is such
a place as hell is real, and the punishment real, and far beyond whatever
any of the heathens could imagine it to be. Therefore let us consult the
Scripture, which will give clearer light in this thing, where God, who has
made and prepared hell for the wicked, has made known the thing, and threatened
to punish the wicked there everlastingly. Look into the Old Testament, Psalm
9:17. The wicked shall be turned into hell, and all nations which forget
God. I know that the original word for hell signifies the grave; but here
it must have a further signification than that of the grave, since it is
appropriated unto the wicked, and such as forget God, otherwise, it might
as truly be said, that the righteous shall be turned into hell, and those
that remember and fear, and love, and serve God, for they shall be turned
into the grave. So Isaiah 14:12, 13, 15. How art thou fallen from heaven
(speaking of the king of Babylon,) O Lucifer son of the morning, thou hast
said in thine heart I will ascend into heaven, and exalt my throne above
the stars of God; yet thou shalt be brought to hell, to the sides of the
pit. That hell here is not to be understood of the grave only, but of the
place also where the wicked shall be tormented will appear, if you compare
this place with Isaiah 30:33, where the prophet speaking of the same king
of Babylon says, Tophet is ordained of old, yes for the King it is prepared,
he has made it deep and large, the pile thereof is fire and much wood, the
breath of the Lord like a stream brimstone does kindle it. Which description
is applicable unto no place, but that place of everlasting burnings, which
the Lord has prepared for the wicked. Indeed Tophet was a real place upon
the earth, where some idolatrous Israelites did offer up their children
in sacrifice to Molech; but here hell is called Tophet, in allusion to that
place, because of the shrieks and cries which the damned shall make there
are worse than the children did in Tophet, when they were sacrificed by
their cruel parents.
In the New Testament it is most clear that there is such a place as hell
prepared both for the soul and body of the wicked to be tormented in, Matthew
5:29, 30. And if thy right eye offend thee, pluck it out and cast it from
thee; it is profitable for thee that one of thy members should perish, and
not that thy whole body should be cast into hell, and if thy right hand
offend thee, cut it off and cast it from thee, for it is profitable for
thee that one of thy members should perish, and not that thy whole body
should be cast into hell. That this hell is not meant of the grave, into
which the body shall be thrown is evident, because those who do cut off
the right hand, and pluck out the right eye which offend, (that is mortify
those offensive lusts, which are as dear and as hard to be parted with as
the members of the body) shall be exempted and delivered from this hell,
whereas none shall be exempted, though never so holy and mortified from
the grave. Yes, and in this hell it is said that both soul and body shall
be destroyed. Matthew 10:28, Fear not them which kill the body, but are
not able to kill the soul: but rather fear him which is able to destroy
both soul and body in hell. Now the soul is not destroyed with the body
in the grave, as they both shall be (if they are wicked) after the resurrection
in hell. Moreover this hell threatened by our Savior to those that don't
cut off right hands, & c. will appear plainly to be the place of torment
prepared for the wicked, by the description of it repeated three times,
Matthew 9:43-48. To go into hell into that fire which never shall be quenched,
where their worm dieth not, and the fire is not quenched. By the unquenchable
fire we are to understand the fire which shall burn the body; by the never-dying
worm, the worm of conscience, which shall eternally gnaw the soul.
This hell is called a prison, I Peter 3:19, 20. By which also he went and
preached unto the spirits in prison, which sometime were disobedient, when
once the long-suffering of God waited in the days of Noah. By the spirits
in prison, we are to understand the souls in hell, the souls of those wicked
and disobedient persons in the old world, who would not give ear to the
preaching of Christ by his spirit in Noah, and therefore a whole world of
them were sent into the prison of hell together, unto whom are gathered
the souls of all that since have died in their sins, where they are bound
up in chains of darkness, and reserved unto the judgement of the great day.
Hell is also called a place of outer darkness, where there is weeping and
wailing, and gnashing of teeth, Matthew 25:30. It is called a furnace of
fire, where all those that offend and do iniquity shall be thrown, Matthew
13:41, 42. It is called the great wine-press of God's wrath, where all the
wicked shall be crushed to pieces under the exceeding and eternal weight
of his wrath, Revelation 14:19, 20. But especially it is set forth as a
place of fire of which in the next particular.
Many have been the conjectures of divines, concerning the place where hell
is. Some have thought it to be in the bowels of the earth, because it is
spoken of as a place below, and called by the name of a pit, the bottomless
pit, out of which the smoke and locusts did arise, Revelation 9:2; and in
which Satan was bound and held as in a prison, Revelation 20:1, 2, 3, 7.
And they have thought the pit spoken of in Numbers 16:33, into which, Korah,
Dathan, and Abiram went down alive, when the earth clave asunder and swallowed
them up, was the pit of hell into which both their soul and body together
were immediately conveyed; and that which has the rather established such
in this opinion has been, the vast quantity of subterranean fire, which
they imagine to be in the bowels and caverns of the earth: others have rather
thought it to be beyond this visible world; (which will pass away at the
last day,) and removed at the greatest distance from the place where the
righteous shall eternally inhabit. But the Scripture being silent as to
this, whatever is spoken on this subject where hell is, must needs be only
by conjecture, the Lord grant that none of us may know by experience. Our
chief care should be that we may escape the punishment, and not be inquisitive
about that which the Lord has not thought fit to reveal. Let it suffice
us to know that there is such a place as hell, where the wicked shall be
tormented.
Chapter 3
That hell is a place of fire and brimstone
There is nothing that hell is described by in the whole book of the Scripture
so much as by fire, and sometimes by fire mingled with brimstone. It is
called fire, Matthew 3:10. Every Tree which bringeth not forth good fruit
is hewn down and cast into the fire; hell-fire, Mark 9:47, It is better
for thee to enter the Kingdom of God with one eye, than having two eyes,
to be cast into hell-fire; a furnace of fire, Matthew 13:42. And shall cast
them into the furnace of fire. It is called a place where the wicked shall
be tormented with fire and brimstone, Revelation 14:10. And he shall be
tormented with fire and brimstone, in the presence of the holy angels. A
lake which burns with fire and brimstone, Revelation 21:8. And shall have
their part in the lake which burns with fire and brimstone, which is the
second death.
I know that it is a great question amongst divines, whether the fire of
hell, which shall burn the wicked will be a real fire, or a metaphorical
fire. There are men of great name, who assert it to be a metaphorical fire
only, and that because it is called a fire, prepared for the devil and his
angels, who cannot be hurt by a real fire; because the worm which never
dies is metaphorically taken for the everlasting gnawings of conscience;
because the New Jerusalem, which is above is metaphorically described to
be of pure gold, clear like glass, the foundations to be garnished with
all manner of precious stones, and the gates to be pearls, Revelation 21:18,
19. And by the same reason, they say the description of hell in the Scripture
is metaphorical: those that thus affirm the fire of hell to be metaphorical,
are so far from lessening the torment hereby, which this fire will inflict,
that they so much the more aggravate it, because that metaphorical fire,
they say, will afflict more than if it were real fire; for as the glory
of the New Jerusalem, that building of God made without hands eternal in
the heavens, does far surpass all metaphors, whereby it is set forth. These
metaphors are made use of only to help our understanding in the conceiving
of it's glory. So also the pain and torture of the damned in hell, will
be more horrible and intolerable, than if they were to be cast into Nebu-chadnezzar's
fiery furnace, when it was heated seven times more than it was wont to be
heated; insomuch as the metaphor does come far beneath the thing, which
it is used to set forth.
Others are of the judgement that hell-fire will be real fire, it being so
positively, so plainly, and so frequently asserted to be fire, fire with
flames, fire which shall burn, and because nothing will put to greater pain
than fire, and because it is proper for the body to be tormented with some
real material substance. And when the holy Ghost tells us it shall be fire,
why should he turn this fire into a metaphor, which may tend rather to weaken
our conceptions of it's horrour than to heighten them. And therefore in
answer to that great objection, that it is said to be prepared for devils,
they are ready to say, it shall be such fire as will not only torment the
soul, but also devils too, God having power to make such a fire. The other
metaphors are made use of but once, this of fire is the almost constant
expression in Scripture, where hell is described.
I confess that I do not judge these answers to be fully satisfactory, for
however the souls of wicked men and women may by sympathy with the body
be tormented by real fire, yet God having made devils to be wholly spirits
which are wholly incorporeal, I don't apprehend how any fire or bodily substance
can have any impression upon them, but that fire, air, earth, or water,
are all the same things to them and that they are incapable of suffering
by any of them, that as water cannot drown them, so neither can fire burn
them, that as air cannot refresh them, so neither can fire afflict them.
Indeed were the opinion of some ancients true that devils have bodies, but
more pure and refined, such as cannot be seen any more than the air, a real
fire might be made so pure by God as to torment the devils. But I am altogether
of the judgement that devils are wholly spirits, the Scripture asserting
it, and many reasons I might give of it, but that it would be too large
a digression. Moreover the fire of hell I believe will be such as immediately
to afflict the souls of the wicked, and not only by sympathy with the body,
because otherwise the torture of the body would be greater from it's immediate
object, than the anguish of the soul by sympathy, when the soul's desert
of punishment is greater, being more highly guilty of sin than the body
which is made use of only as an instrument.
Yet I cannot be of the opinion that the fire of hell will wholly be metaphorical
for the reasons before given. Therefore I judge that both the opinions may
be reconciled with themselves and the truth, by asserting that this fire
of hell will be partly metaphorical and partly real.
First, I conceive that the fire of hell will be in part metaphorical, and
that this also will be the most grievous and tormenting, though not to the
sense, yet to the soul and to the devils, who can be tormented by no other
fire. My meaning is that the fire which will be metaphorical, is to be understood
of the fierce anger and wrath of the sin-revenging God, who himself is called
a consuming fire, Hebrews 12:19, and whose anger is often expressed by the
metaphor of fire in the Scripture. And so that everlasting fire prepared
for the devil and his angels, and for the souls of wicked men and women,
(which will be accompanied also with a real fire, prepared for their bodies,
of which in the next particular) is the everlasting wrath of God, which
he has treasured up against the day of wrath, when he will open and bring
forth those treasures, and make immediate impressions thereof upon all damned
spirits, which shall burn worse than fire, and cause greater anguish to
the spirit, than any fire can do to the sense. Hence it is said, Hebrews
10:31, It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God, and
that because the immediate strokes of God's vengeance, which damned spirits
shall fall under, when he takes them into his own hands to punish them in
hell, will above all things be most intolerable. The Apostle says in II
Thessalonians 1:8, that the wicked shall be punished with everlasting destruction
from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power. This is
to be understood causally; as if he should have said, that the destruction
of the wicked shall arise from God's presence and glorious power, which
shall put forth itself so mightily, as to glorify itself in the punishment
of them in hell. God will appear in heaven to the angels and saints, in
a flame of love, and make immediate and most sweet impressions thereof upon
them, which will be their chief happiness. And God will appear in hell to
devils and damned spirits in a flame of wrath, as a consuming fire, and
make immediate impressions of his wrath upon them, which will be their chief
misery. For sinners to be taken thus into the hands of God, and punished
by the fire of his wrath will be more dreadful, than if the most furious
creatures in the world were mustered up together, and let loose upon them
to tear them in pieces and devour them. If they were tormented with the
most exquisite torments, which can possibly proceed from any second causes,
it would be no more than the biting of a flea, or the prick of a pin in
comparison with these immediate strokes of God's vengeance, and the burning
under the fire of his indignation.
Secondly, The fire of hell I believe will be in part real, I mean that fire
whereby the body shall be afflicted, I judge that as the torture will be
real, so that the fire whereby it will be tortured will be real too. Of
all senses the feeling is most capable of being cruciated and afflicted,
and of all the objects of this sense fire is most afflictive and painful,
and therefore God has appointed fire to be for the punishment of the body.
Indeed other senses will be afflicted too, the ear with hideous noises,
shrieks, and yellings of fellow damned sinners; the eye with fearful ghastly
and horrible spectacles; the smell with suffocating odious and nasty stench,
worse than of carrion, or that which comes out of an open sepulchre. But
the feelings will be most afflicted by the devouring and eternally burning
fire, which the wicked shall be thrown into.
I shall not dispute whether this real fire of hell will be such as our culinary
fire, (I mean that in our chimneys) which sometimes creeps into houses,
and is of so great force as to burn down cities, and seizes upon all combustible
matter before it, and which will continue no longer than it is fed by such
gross matter, or whether it will be more purely elementary fire, such as
philosophers affirm to be between the upper region of the air and the lower
orb of the heavens; or whether it will be such fire as sometimes breaks
forth out of the bosom of the earth, at the mouth of flaming mountains,
of which some think there are vast treasures below, beyond whatever did
not appear to the eye, such as did send forth those flaming and burning
streams from Mount Aetna of late, which at least will help us to conceive
something what the lake of fire and brimstone will be; or whether it will
be a fire created on purpose by God, sulphurous and stinking like unto,
but far beyond that which was raised upon the wicked of Sodom and Gomorrah,
which of all burnings that ever have been in the world, I conceive did most
lively represent the burnings of hell-fire. I shall not, I cannot determine
in this case; but am most inclinable to think this fire will be immediately
created by God, differing from all fires that ever have been in the fierceness
of it, which by the word of God's power will be made, and by the breath
of his indignation will be kindled, and kept alive to eternity without any
fuel to feed it, except the bodies of the wicked, which though they shall
be tormented by it, shall never be consumed by it.
Chapter 4
Concerning the properties of hell-fire
There are seven properties of hell-fire.
First, It will be a great fire.
Secondly, It will be a dark fire.
Thirdly, It will be a fierce fire.
Fourthly, It will be an irresistible fire.
Fifthly, It will be a continual fire.
Sixthly, It will be an unquenchable fire.
Seventhly, It will be an everlasting fire.
First, The fire of hell which shall burn the wicked will be a great fire.
We have seen some great fires, which have burned many houses together, such
as that in 1666 which burned down the greater part of London. But this fire
of hell will be so great, as to burn all wicked persons together, all the
wicked will be in flames at the same time. The greatness of this fire is
set forth, Isaiah 30:33. Tophet is prepared of old, he hath made it deep
and large, the pile thereof is fire and much wood, the breath of the Lord,
like a stream of brimstone doth kindle it. Tophet does signify hell, the
place where the damned shall be tormented, of which before. God has made
it deep and large. The depths of the earth, or the depths of the sea are
nothing in comparison with the depths of hell; for those depths have a bottom,
but this is called the bottomless pit, Revelation 20:1. It is deep and large,
of vast capacity. It will be sufficient to contain all the sinners of the
old world, and all the sinners of this world who have lived or shall live
in every generation until the time of the world's dissolution. The pile
thereof is fire and much wood. As much wood being kindled does make a great
fire, so this fire though it have no real wood, but that which will be equivalent,
will be very great, especially being kindled by the breath of the Almighty.
As the breath of the Lord kindled those showers of fire and brimstone, which
came down from heaven upon Sodom and Gomorrah, so the breath of the Lord
will kindle those streams of fire and brimstone which shall be in hell.
Secondly, Hell-fire will be a dark fire. There will not be the least glimmering
of light in that doleful place, which will add to the horrour thereof. Hell
is called by the name of outer darkness, Matthew 25:30. It is called blackness
of darkness forever, Jude 13. There will be no light of God's countenance,
not the least smothering of his brow. His wrath will be poured forth without
mixture into the cup of his indignation which they must drink of, Revelation
14:10. There will not be the least light of comfort, nothing but weeping
and wailing and gnashing of teeth; there will not be the light of the sun,
or the moon, or the candle, and the fire itself will give no light, all
will be dark and black, black devils, black bodies, black souls, and they
may without light have perceivance one of another, as devils have now unto
whom light is of no use; or if there be a duskish light there, to represent
one another's rueful countenances, and other frightful spectacles. Be sure
there will be no refreshing light. There the damned will be in a place and
state of darkness forever.
Thirdly, Hell-fire will be a fierce fire. The fire of Sodom, of Aetna, yes,
of London in the day of it's burning was fierce, but no fire burns so fierce
as hell-fire will do. The fire of God's anger and wrath will burn fiercely.
Now it does but smoke against sinners, then it will break forth into a flame.
Tongue cannot express how fiercely the wrath of God will burn, when hereafter
it shall seize upon the ungodly, Psalm 90:11. Who knoweth the power of thine
anger? even according to thy fear so is thy wrath. The power of the anger
which any creature may have, may be known. It is finite. It is limited.
It reaches no further than the body; but who knoweth the power of God's
anger? it being infinite, and unlimited, and such as will reach the soul,
and most grievously torment the soul through it's immediate impressions.
According to thy fear so is thy wrath, that is according to the fear which
we may have of thee. The wrath of man is not proportionable unto the fear
which we may have of it. We often fear that men can do more than they are
really able; but the wrath of God is commensurate and proportionable unto
the greatest fears thereof, yes does far exceed them. He can afflict more
than our fears are able to conceive, and that because of the infinite power
of his wrath. God will hereafter make the power of his wrath known, as Romans
9:22 and how fiercely then will it burn? The fire also which will torment
the bodies of the wicked will be very fierce. It will be so fierce, as to
torment every part from the crown of the head unto the foot, and every part
in extremity, in the utmost extremity, and that beyond the present capacity.
Fourthly, Hell-fire will be an irresistible fire. All the power of hell
with their combined forces, shall not be able to make the least resistance
against the fire of God's anger, Nahum 1:6. Who can stand before his indignation?
and who can abide in the fierceness of his anger? his fury is poured out
like fire, and the rocks are thrown down by him. Isaiah 27:4, Who would
set the briers and thorns against me in battle? I would throw them, I would
burn them together. Briers, thorns, dried stuble, chaff cannot resist a
consuming fire, so neither shall the wicked be able to resist the fire of
God's jealousy. And the real fire prepared in hell for the body, will burn
with that fierceness that it will master and prevail over all. None shall
be able to keep off it's force. It will pierce through and through every
part of the body. We read of the three children which were preserved in
the midst of the fiery furnace, so that not so much as the smell of the
fire was upon their garments; but none shall be preserved from burning in
this fiery furnace. Indeed, the wicked shall not be burned up and quite
consumed, but they shall be always burning. For
Fifthly, Hell-fire will be a continual fire. Other fires sometimes are in,
and sometimes out, but this fire will be always in, always burning without
any intermission, and always burning in the same high degree of intention.
There will be no assuagement of the flames of God's anger, no abatement
of the fire of hell. This fire will be always alike hot, and always hot
in the highest degree.
Sixthly, Hell-fire will be an unquenchable fire. Matthew 3:12, But will
burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire. Mark 9:44, Where their worm dieth
not and the fire is not quenched. Now the fire of God's anger before it
breaks forth into so vehement a flame may be quenched by the blood of Jesus
Christ; and the fire of hell may be prevented. But hereafter it will be
too late. No sacrifice will be accepted then to appease God's wrath, and
if all the waters of the sea could be poured upon the flames of hell-fire,
they would not put them out, And therefore,
Seventhly, Hell-fire will be an everlasting fire. Matthew 25:42, Depart
from me ye cursed into everlasting fire, prepared for the devil and his
angels. Revelation 14:11, And the smoke of their torment ascendeth up for
ever and ever. This fire will be ever burning, and the damned will be ever
tormented therein. Extremity and eternity are the two most bitter ingredients
of the damned's torments. Who can set forth the eternity of the wicked's
punishment in hell-fire? This eternity is immeasurable. It is incomprehensible.
All the rays of the sun may more easily be comprehended in a small room,
and all the waters of the sea contained in a small nutshell, than boundless
eternity be conceived by our finite and shallow understanding. None have
shadowed eternity, and set it forth better than those who have shown how
infinitely short all measures and numbers do fall, when they are applied
to the space of it's duration. One expresses himself thus on this subject
in another language: suppose ten thousand years past, after that an hundred
thousand millions of years past, after that ten hundred thousand million
of millions of years past, and yet you are not come to the end of eternity,
no nor to the middle of eternity; yes, you are but at the beginning of it.
Add unto this the number of all the thoughts of angels and men, of all the
motions in every creature, of all the grains of sand which would fill ten
thousand worlds; gather all the minutes of time, from the beginning of the
creation of the world, all the numbers of arithmetic that can possibly be
conceived, and all this is but the beginning of eternity. How long will
eternity last? Always. When will eternity end? Never. As long as heaven
shall continue to be heaven, and God shall continue to be God, and the saints
shall be happy in the enjoyment of God, so long shall the wicked be tormented
in the fire of hell. We may apprehend the everlastingness of this fire of
hell, but we cannot comprehend it.
Chapter 5
Concerning the persons that shall burn eternally in the flames of hell
It is upon the wicked that the Lord will rain this horrible tempest of fire
and brimstone in hell. All the workers of iniquity, all that live and die
in their sins, must suffer the vengeance of eternal fire. These are the
chaff which shall be cast into the unquenchable fire, Matthew 3:12. These
are the tares which shall be bound up in bundles to be burned, Matthew 13:30.
These are the goats which shall be condemned to everlasting fire, Matthew
25:41. Look into a few places where in the plain letter of the Scriptures,
the persons are described, that shall be the subject of everlasting torment
in hell-fire. Matthew 13:41, 42, The Son of Man shall send forth his angels,
and they shall gather out of his Kingdom all things that offend, and them
which do iniquity; and shall cast them into a furnace of fire, there shall
be wailing and gnashing of teeth. Romans 2:6, 8, 9, Who will render to every
man according to his deeds, to them that are contentious, and do not obey
the truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath, tribulation
and anguish upon every soul of man, that does evil of the Jew first, and
also of the Gentile. II Thessalonians 1:7, 8, 9, The Lord Jesus shall be
revealed from heaven with his mighty angels in flaming fire, taking vengeance
on them that know not God, and obey not the Gospel; who shall be punished
with everlasting destruction, from the presence of the Lord and the glory
of his power. Take one place more among many, Revelation 21:8, But the fearful
and unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and whoremongers and
sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars shall have their part in the lake,
which burns with fire and brimstone. I shall speak more of the persons when
I come to the application which I would chiefly insist upon, the Doctrine
being so well known, and therefore I shall but briefly touch upon the reason,
why the wicked shall be eternally tormented in the flame of hell, and so
come to the Use, which I mainly intend.
The torment of the wicked in hell is a punishment, and therefore has a respect
unto sin, the guilt of which does lay the wicked under an obligation hereunto,
and lays God under an obligation to inflict this punishment upon them. Sin
is the violation of a holy and righteous law; and an offence of an Infinite
Majesty, whose justice requireth infinite satisfaction, which it can receive
no other way from sinners themselves, than by their undergoing the punishment
of hell. Although this punishment is not infinite in regard of the quality,
yet it is infinite in regard of it's duration, and therefore the torments
of the wicked shall have no end.
Chapter 6
Application
Use of Examination
When you had the relation of Sodom and Gomorrah's burning, you might think
this was done long ago, and look upon yourselves as unconcerned. When you
had the relation of Aetna's burnings, you might think this was done afar
off, and look upon yourselves as unconcerned. But when you come to discourse
of hell-burnings, here you all are concerned. Those burnings are past, these
are burnings to come. Those were burnings for a while, these will be burnings
forever. The greatest part of the children of men will be cast into these
burnings, and very few comparatively will escape. Oh, what a vast number
of all kindreds, and nations, and languages will there be tormented forever
in hell! What a vast number of Christians, yes, of professors of the Gospel!
You had need to look to it, that none of you be found in the number.
The dreadfulness of these everlasting burnings, I think should stir you
up with all solicitousness and utmost
diligence, to enquire whether you are in danger, and what you might do to
escape.
The most men and women that live this day upon the face of the earth are
in danger of being thrown into the flames of hell. The whole world may be
divided into two parts, they are either such as are in a state of nature,
or such as are in a state of grace. The former are many thousand times the
greater number, and the Apostle tells us expressly that such are children
of wrath, Ephesians 2:3. And if children, then heirs; the children of God
are heirs of heaven; the children of wrath, who also are called the children
of the devil, are heirs of hell. The latter only (I mean such as are in
a state of grace) are in a state of salvation, they only are free from all
obligation to the punishment of hell, having interest in Christ's satisfaction.
There are two ways, in one of which all the sons and daughters of men may
be found, Matthew 7:13, 14. One is a narrow way, which has a strait gate,
and very few are to be found therein, and that is the way of holiness, of
self-denial, of mortification and Gospel-obedience, and although this is
the way of life and salvation, the way to glory and honour and everlasting
happiness, yet it has but few passengers, few take this course. The other
is a broad way, which has the greatest crowd and throng although it leads
unto destruction. And this is the way of sin, the way of profaneness, licentiousness,
unrighteousness, disobedience. This is the course of the world. This way
has a wide gate, and many there be that go in thereat. And the reason our
Savior gives, because the other way has so strait a gate, because of the
difficulty of it's passage; namely, the wicket of regeneration. Few attempt
to go through this strait passage, or if they do attempt, they are quickly
discouraged with the difficulty, and so let it alone, taking the broader,
because the easier way of sin, the steps of which will certainly take hold
of death and hell.
I beseech you all with the greatest seriousness to examine yourselves, whether
you be in a state of nature, or in a state of Grace? You have been all born
once, have you been born again? You have been born of the flesh, have you
been born of the spirit? You have born the image of the earthly Adam, do
you bear the image of the heavenly Adam? You are partakers of the human
nature, are you partakers of the Divine nature? Have you new and clean hearts?
Are they changed? Do you lead new and holy lives? Are they reformed? I beseech
you examine which of the two ways you are walking in: is it the broad way
of sin and wickedness, or is it the narrow way of faith and holiness? These
are questions of great moment to be resolved in, your everlasting weal or
woe, your salvation or damnation does depend upon them. If you be brought
into a state of grace, and are got in through the strait gate, into the
narrow way, you are made men and women happy you that ever you were born,
you not shall perish with the wicked, but most assuredly attain eternal
life and glory. But if you are in a state of nature, if you are in the broad
way, and continue therein to the end of your lives, you are undone men and
women, woe be to you that ever you were born, heaven will be shut upon you,
and hell will be opened unto you, where you shall be unconceivably and eternally
tormented in the flames of that unquenchable fire.
Take heed that you do not mistake your state and way. Thousands have gone
to hell through a mistake. It is very easy to mistake. It is difficult not
to mistake, and no mistake is worse than this mistake. All is not gold that
glitters. All is not grace, that has the show of it. All are not in the
way to heaven that pretend to it. Many deceive others much and deceive themselves
much more. Nothing is likely to hinder you more effectually from attaining
grace than ungrounded conceits that you already have it. If you should nourish
in yourselves a false faith, and false hope, they would be so far from saving
you, that they would fasten you the more strongly in Satan's chains, whereby
he will the more unperceivably and inevitably drag you into hell. And think
if you should go out of the world, under a mistake with fair, but groundless
hopes of heaven, and shall find yourselves unalterably judged by God unto
hell, how this will render the loss of heaven the more bitter, and the pains
of hell the more grievous; the disappointment of happiness, especially so
great happiness, and to be overtaken with misery, especially so great misery,
and that when all means are cut off forever, of attaining the one or avoiding
the other, this will be unspeakable vexations. And let me tell you, that
it is better to be mistaken on the other hand than on this. It is better
to fear when you are gracious, than to hope when you are ungracious. A dangerless
fear is better than a fearless danger. The former may cause you to go droopingly
for a while towards heaven. The latter if it cause you to go merrily, it
will also cause you to go securely and surely to hell.
I need not spend time (neither may I lest this volume swell to big) in telling
you that idolaters, and adulterers, and drunkards, and swearers, and blasphemers,
and scoffers of religion, and persecutors of God's people, and thieves,
and murderers, and liars, and apostates, and profane persons, and all the
more notorious workers of iniquity shall have their part in the lake which
burns with fire and brimstone; amongst whom if any of you who cast your
eyes upon these lines be numbered, and your conscience with a slight reflection
do accuse you herein, give me leave to hold you a little by the arm and
ask you why so fast? What means this hurry? Why so furious? What means this
eager pursuit of lust? Do you know whom you serve and do you think what
your wages will be? Do you know what is before you? Do you see the end of
a sinful course? Do you know what hell is? Is it desirable to dwell with
devouring fire? Do you think to escape in this way? But the awakening Use
is afterward.
But let me beseech you that are more sober, and although professors of religion,
to examine your state. Take heed you do not deceive yourselves, and thereby
undo yourselves irrecoverably. Have you been under convictions of sin? And
these followed with contrition(!) and that backed with sound humiliation,
such as has rendered sin above all things most odious, and yourselves of
all other persons most vile in your own eyes? Have you had conviction of
Christ's righteousness! and this working hungering desires after him, and
these accompanied with faith, and that bringing you to Christ, choosing
him as most precious and needful for you, casting yourselves upon him, with
a renouncing of your own righteousness, accepting of him and his righteousness;
resigning up yourselves unto him, putting your neck under his Yoke? Have
you received the spirit enabling you to pray, mortify sin, and quickening
you unto all the duties of new obedience? Hereby you may know the change
of your estate. If your hearts remain unhumbled, unbroken for sin; if you
are strangers unto the work of faith, and never truly closed with Jesus
Christ; if you are without the spirit of Christ, and under the power, the
reigning power of any sin; if you live in the neglect of prayer secret and
with others, and of the great salvation, which the Lord Jesus has purchased,
if you have a form of godliness but are without the power thereof, you will
be found foolish virgins at last, which will have no admittance into the
bride-chamber. You will be found hypocrites, whose portion is the burning
lake, and it will be impossible for you to escape the damnation of hell.
Hebrews 2:3, How shall we escape if we neglect so great salvation?
Chapter 7
Use of admiration at the security the wicked, showing the cause thereof
Are the burnings of hell so certain, being threatened by God! are they so
dreadful, beyond any burnings that ever have been, both in regard of fierceness
and duration? And are they indeed prepared for the wicked, and all graceless,
Christless persons as their deserved portion? And are most of the children
of men wicked, ungracious, unrighteous, unregenerate, unbelievers, who are
already condemned to this place of torment (John 3:18)? And by consequence
every moment are such in danger of being dragged forth to execution? Here
then we may sit down, and wonder at the senselessness and carnal security
of such persons, especially of those who sit under the light of the Word,
which does make discovery of all this most plainly unto them, whatever their
danger be, whatever their sins which have deserved hell, whatever God's
threatenings of everlasting burnings, whatever execution there is, and has
been upon other sinners like themselves, yet they are without any fear,
they are fast asleep in sin and very secure. Though their conscience be
full of guilt, their hearts full of lust, their lives full of sin, though
their steps are carrying them forward in the broad way, which leads unto
destruction; though death has them upon the chase, and is at their heels,
though the wrath of God pursues them hard, and is at their backs, though
the day, wherein they must give an account, and be punished for their iniquity
hastens greatly, and the Judge stands at the door; yet they care not, they
fear not, none of these things do move them, none of these things do trouble
them. They eat and drink, and sleep, and buy and sell, and plant and build,
and go on in a sinful course, as if they should live here eternally, or
as if their soul should perish with their body, and all these things foretold
in the Word, concerning future retributions were but nicer fables.
First, Some are thus secure, through an atheistical persuasion that there
is no God. Because they are enemies unto God, and live in a course of rebellion
against him, and so it is their interest and desire that there should be
no God. Therefore they do what in them lyeth to work themselves unto this
persuasion. There are too many in our age who endeavour to wear off all
sentiments of a deity from their minds, that they might sin freely without
any check and control, that hereby they might arm themselves against the
thrusts and wounds which the sword and arrows of God's threatenings would
otherwise give unto them, and that by this means they might still the noise
of their clamorous and accusing consciences, which otherwise would give
them no rest under such heaven-daring provocations, as they daily are guilty
of. But such persons, if they will not believe the engravings of God, which
are upon the face of the universe, the impress of infinite power, and an
invisible Deity on his works, which are visible unto the eye, they shall
not remain long under their atheistical apprehensions but he will make them
to know and feel that there is a God by the immediate impressions of his
wrath upon their souls, and the dreadful flames of hell-fire, which his
breath will kindle to burn their bodies everlastingly.
Secondly, Others are secure, notwithstanding their danger, through a fond
persuasion that there is no hell, that there is no account to be given,
no judgement to be passed, no punishment to be endured after this life,
but that death puts a total end to their being, and that forever. We read
in the Book of Wisdom, chapter 2 of the reasonings which such have: Our
life is short, and in the death of a man there is no remedy, neither was
there any man known to return from the grave: For we are born at all adventure,
and we shall be hereafter, as though we had never been; for the breath in
our Nostrils is as smoke, and a little spark in the moving of our heart;
which being extinguished our body shall be turned into ashes, and our spirit
shall vanish as the soft air: our life shall pass away as the trace of a
Cloud, or like a Mist driven by the Beams of the Sun; our time is a very
shadow that passeth away, and after our end there is no returning, for it
is fast Sealed that no Man cometh again. Hence they are secure and encourage
themselves in wicked and licentious practices, Come on therefore let us
enjoy the good things that are present, let us fill our selves with costly
Wines and Ointments, and let no flower of the spring pass by us; let us
crown our selves with Rosebuds before they be Withered, let none of us go
without his part of our voluptuousness, for this our portion and our lot
is this. Such persons they live like beasts, and they would persuade themselves
that they shall die like beasts, that there is no immortality of the soul,
that there will be no resurrection of the body, and by consequence no punishment
of both in hell; whereas right reason will evince, that the soul being a
spiritual substance will survive the body, which the wiser heathens have
acknowledged. And the Scripture does clearly reveal this, and that the body
shall be raised again at the last day, and both the soul and body of the
wicked be eternally tormented in hell; which Scripture being the Word of
God, which no carnal reason could ever yet disprove, these things are as
certain as God is true.
Thirdly, Others if they have not drunk in those atheistical and anti-Scriptural
persuasions, which some are besotted and intoxicated with, yet are secure
and senseless of their danger, through their ignorance or misapprehensions
of God; they conceive him to be made up all of mercy, that there is no fury
in him, that however sinful they are or have been, yet that God is more
merciful, and nothing more easy than to obtain a pardon, and if they call
on his name and cry for mercy, though at the last gasp (whatever their wicked
lives have been) they shall be saved; not considering that God is holy and
jealous, just and righteous, as well as merciful and gracious; and that
such as go on still in their trespasses have no share in his mercy or any
of his promises.
Fourthly, Others do lull themselves asleep upon the bed of security, because
of their own and others impunity, thus abusing God's patience and longsuffering,
which should lead them to repentance, to grow more hardened and impenitent
hereby, Romans 2:4, 5. Because Sentence against their evil works is not
speedily executed, therefore their hearts are fully set in them to do evil
and they are secure, Ecclesiastes 8:11. Not considering that though God
be long-suffering, yet that he is not ever-suffering; that patience long
and much abused will at length break forth into fury; not considering that
God's vengeance, though it has leaden heels, yet it has iron hands, and
though the fire of God's anger be long kindling, yet that it will be longer,
yes forever burning.
Fifthly, Others quiet themselves for the present, and arm themselves against
fears of hell, through their intention of future repentance and reformation.
However they indulge themselves for a while in their sinful course, yet
they resolve shortly to become new men and women, to turn over a new leaf,
and lead a new life, and to become as holy and strict as the best; not considering
that repentance is not in their own power, and how they provoke God hereby
to deny the grace to them hereafter, and to remove from the means of working
it; not remembering how many thousands have perished with such intentions,
which never have been put into execution.
Sixthly, Others are quiet and secure through want of serious consideration,
what their guilt and danger is. They fill and throng up their time so full
with worldly business and secular employments that they leave themselves
no room or leisure to think of sin and their near-approaching death, and
future wrath, and the eternal burnings of hell, which they are in danger
of. The cares of this world and the deceitfulness of riches do choke their
meditations in the first springing forth of them that no fruit does come
from them to perfection. Did but guilty sinners sit down one quarter of
an hour every day, and look upward to the angry God who frown upon them,
and downward to the flames of hell, which are preparing for them, and forward
to the last judgement, when they will be sentenced by the Judge to dwell
with devouring fire, and inhabit everlasting burnings; and were persuaded
that if they continue in sin, they can be no means escape; surely they could
not be so secure.
Seventhly, Others are secure though they are going on in the way of sin
which leads to death and hell; because the most of the children of men are
going on in the same course, and they hope they shall fare as well as others.
Their fore-fathers trod in these steps, and their neighbors are their companions
in sin, and if they are punished at last in hell, they think they shall
have company enough, and bear it as well as others; not considering how
intolerable the wrath of God is by any, and that their company in hell will
be so far from alleviating, that it will exceedingly heighten and aggravate
their pain and torment.
Eighthly, Others and the most are secure through their frequent practice
of sin. Custom in sin has taken away the sense of sin. Their lusts have
enthralled them, and their lusts have stupefied them. However conscience
did grumble at first, especially when they first ventured upon some more
notorious sins, yet now they have shut the mouth of conscience, they have
charmed and seared it as with a hot iron, I Timothy 4:2.
Ninthly, Others are quiet and secure under their danger of hell, because
they are not so bad as others, because they do not run with others unto
the same excess of riot, and have escaped the more gross pollutions, which
are in the world through lusts; especially if they carry some face of religion
too, if they have a form of godliness, and employ themselves in all the
outward exercise of devotion, and with these have had some inward flashy
affections, and a counterfeit of all saving grace, though they never were
truly humbled for sin, emptied of themselves, cut off the old stock, and
truly by faith engrafted into Christ, and from him draw virtue and spiritual
influence, (which is proper to all those that are in Christ, and are freed
from condemnation through him, Romans 8:1). Thus the devil and the deceitful
hearts of men do bewitch and befool the most, some of these ways, to sit
still in peace and security, until destruction comes upon them suddenly,
and that without remedy; and they are not awakened out of their spiritual
slumber until they are awakened in the midst of the flames of hell.
Chapter 8
Use of reproof and terrour for the awakening
of the wicked and ungodly, out of their
carnal security
How long will you sleep oh you sinners? How long will you slumber in such
imminent danger, you graceless and Christless persons? What sleep under
the light? What sleep upon the brinks of the burning lake? And will nothing
rouse you, and awaken you out of this sleep? Are you resolved it shall prove
the sleep of death? Shall it insensibly and effectually usher you to hell
before you are aware? Have you been called already so long, so loud, so
frequently, so fervently, and yet do you deafen your ear? Have you been
told so often of your guilt and danger, and yet harden your heart? Yet will
you hold fast your sins, resolving not to let them go whatever they cost
you? Have your hearts been like so many brazen walls, beating back all the
arrows of reproof, and threatenings which have been shot at you or are they
like clay and mud, which grows the more hard and obdurate under the sun
and light of the gospel which has shined upon you? Have no heavenly dews
and showers of the Word yet melted and softened you, no fire and hammer
new-moulded and framed you? Have you been threatened with death, and wrath,
and misery forever, and yet not startled, yet stupid and senseless?
Oh, that yet at length you might be awakened, and by the spirit of the Lord
effectually persuaded to lift up your eyes, and look a little before you,
Yonder, Yonder! Look sinner yonder is a horrible burning tempest driving
towards thee, a dreadful burning lake preparing for thee, but you cannot
see it; look through the perspective of Sodom's burnings, when fire came
down from heaven, and Aetna's burnings when fire came forth of the earth,
and this will discover something. But the perspective of the Word will show
it plain; if you look upwards with this perspective, you may see some glimpse
of the glory of heaven, and if you look downward with it, you may see some
glimpse of the fire of hell. Look do you not see a horrible deep and large
pit filled with horribly burning fire, and that fire filled with damned
men and women? Lay your ear to the mouth of this pit, and hear what the
dolorous complaints, what the shrieks and yellings be of that cursed company.
And do you not perceive yourself hastening forward in the way to this place
of burning? And will you go forward still? Will you suffer yourself to be
carried on furiously by your impetuous lusts, until you are fallen into
this pit, and there is no possibility of ever getting out again?
But more particularly I shall lay before you some considerations for the
awakening of the secure.
First, Think how doleful a day of trouble and adversity is like to be to
you, if you be then in danger of hell, where will the quiet and security
which now you have appear on that day? Possibly it may last and abide with
you so long as the warm sun of prosperity does shine upon you, in the spring
of youth and sensual delights, while you thrive and flourish in the world,
while your friends and flatterers are about you, your health and outward
peace does remain with you. But you may live to see all your outward comforts
lie dead before you, and hidden in the grave from your sight forever. Your
sun of prosperity may set at the noonday of your lives, and a black night
of adversity may come upon you; stormy winds and a bitter cold. Winter of
trouble and affliction may assault you, and wither all your sensual pleasures
like the herb and flower of the field. Some unlooked-for-providence may
blast your estate, and your name, bereave you of your dearest friends and
relations, and withdraw all the fuel and provisions which you have been
storing, and laying up for your flesh and sensual satisfactions. How well
and strong so ever you are for the present, an unexpected sickness and death-threatening
distemper may suddenly invade you, and bring you down to the sides of the
pit, and fill you with such pain and grief as no outward enjoyments shall
be able in the least to aswage.
And then think with yourselves, you that are in danger of hell, what dread
is like then to seize upon you like an armed man, which you will not be
able to resist. Then your carnal security will fly away like a bird or a
cloud, and vanish like smoke in the air. Then your false peace will be broken
and torn to pieces, like the spider webs by the fierce winds, as being utterly
unable to resist the fierce blasts, and rougher assaults of an adverse estate.
And oh how doleful and dismal is a day of trouble like to be to you, when
all outward stays and comfort, and all inward quiet and peace shall fail
together; when there are storms abroad, and worse storms at home; great
trouble without, and greater trouble within; when you shall fall under the
scourge of outward affliction, and under the lashes of an accusing conscience.
The fear of hell and everlasting burnings is like to be more lively, and
afflictive in a day of trouble, than when prosperity does restrain conscience
from doing it's office.
Secondly, Consider if you should escape the greater storms of outward affliction
in your life, yet you cannot escape the stroke of death, and think how the
apprehensions of future wrath and burnings are like to consume you with
terrours at your latter end, Psalm 73:19. Death has a grim aspect, and looks
with a fierce countenance upon guilty souls; and when this enemy shall assault
and wound you, when your last sickness shall come and prove mortal to you;
when the physician shall give you over and leave you, your friends shall
mourn and stand weeping about you, when death has seized upon the extreme
parts of your body, and the cold, clammy sweats are upon you, and then you
apprehend the second death near you, which will immediately follow upon
the first death, when you think that while friends are conveying your body
to your grave, that devils shall drag your souls to hell; how are you then
like to awake in horrour, despair and utter confusion? The dying sobs and
groans of some guilt sinners, when awakened at their entrance in at the
port of death are dreadful, but the inward anguish of the heart is beyond
all compass and conceit, or expression of tongue.
Thirdly, But think how fearful the separation of your souls and bodies will
be. Think with what dread your spirits will appear before God, when your
consciences shall furiously charge you with guilt of all the sins which
ever you committed, and you have not one pardon to show, nor one word to
answer for yourselves; when being examined and accused and found guilty,
you shall be condemned unto eternal punishment. Think oh think what your
horrour is like to be then.
Fourthly, Think of the day of doom, when the Lord Jesus shall come. I mean
when he shall come down from heaven to judge the world. When the graves
shall be opened and you called forth to appear before him, and the book
of your conscience shall be opened, and all your sins made manifest to the
whole world, and having nothing to answer when you shall be sentenced to
everlasting fire: Depart from me ye cursed into everlasting fire prepared
for the devil and his angels, and when the Lord shall then drive you out
of his presence into hell, O what will your shrieks and outcries be at that
day? See my book of Christ's Certain and Sudden Appearance to Judgement.
Fifthly, Think of the punishment of hell itself, which you will be condemned
unto; and that,
First, What will there be taken from you.
Secondly, What there will be denied unto you.
Thirdly, What there will be inflicted upon you.
First, Think what in hell will be taken from you. All your riches will be
taken away. Riches will then take the wing and be gone, and you shall never
set your eye upon them any more. You shall never buy and sell, and get gain
any more, never purchase houses and lands, and inheritance more, and not
then have so much land left, as whereon to set the sole of your foot, all
your money and estate will perish with yourselves, and oh how poor and miserable
will you perceive yourselves then to be when you are deprived of all your
riches and treasures on earth, and instead thereof are made to possess treasures
of wrath? Your honour also will be taken away, and everlasting shame and
contempt shall be poured upon you. Although you may be raised to a higher
seat than the ordinary rank now, then you must stand upon even ground with
the meanest, even such whom you would think scorn to set with the dogs of
your flock, or to employ in the meanest office about you. The crown will
then be plucked from the head, and the robe be torn from the back, and all
the honour of wicked great ones be laid in the dust; and they will find
no more respect in hell than other men. Wicked princes and noblemen, wicked
knights and gentlemen will have none to bow to them there, and do them homage.
And the most high-born ladies that are not new-born (whatever they have
here) will find no courtship hereafter, but will be handled as roughly as
the meanest of their attendants. All your sensual delights and pleasures
will then be at an end, they are now but for a season, Hebrews 11:25, yes,
but for a moment, Job 20:5. Sometimes they fail before the life is at an
end. Be sure hereafter they shall have an eternal period. In hell there
will be no feasting and delicious fare to pamper the flesh, no carousing
and drinking wine in bowls, no chanting to the sound of the violin, no singing,
dancing, and making merry. The glutton shall there have no sweet morsels,
the drunkard no sweet droughts, no not so much as a drop of water to cool
and refresh him. The wanton shall no more melt in lascivious embraces, nothing
will remain of all your sweetnesses and pleasures here, but the bitter remembrances
accompanied with unutterable grief and groans, and the intolerable sting
and bitings of the never dying-worm of conscience, whatever you have prized
and pleased yourselves with here. You will then be stripped of all, and
oh how bitter will this be to lose all that which you now so much esteem
and love, and place your chief happiness in?
Secondly, Think what in hell will be denied unto you. You shall be denied
admission into the Kingdom of heaven. When you see Abraham, and Isaac, and
Jacob, and many from the east, and west, and north, and south, come and
sit down in the Kingdom of God; when you shall see all the saints of all
ages shine like the sun, and be caught up in the clouds to meet the Lord,
and be crowned by him and received to inherit the Kingdom prepared for them,
you shall be shut out. No room will be found for you there. You could find
no room for Christ in your hearts here, and he will find no room for you
in his Kingdom hereafter. The loss of heaven of that unspeakable happiness,
which the angels and saints shall have in the immediate vision and fruition
of God, when you come to understand what it is, will appear as many observe
to be greater than the punishment of sense, especially this loss will be
most grievous unto you; who have had discoveries and proffers of it, but
neglected and refused it, preferring some base lusts before it. Oh, how
will you then be ready to tear yourselves to pieces for madness and vexation!
Thirdly, Think what punishment in hell will be inflicted upon you.
First, The soreness and intollerableness of it.
Secondly, The sureness and unavoidableness of it.
Thirdly, The nearness of it.
Fourthly, The everlastingness of it.
First, Consider the soreness and intollerableness of hell's torments and
think on both the pain which there you shall feel in your bodies, and of
the anguish which shall be put upon your souls. If you be found amongst
the wicked and ungodly at the last, your bodies shall be tormented in every
part in the flames of hell-fire. No pain is more grievous now to the body,
than the pain of fire. But what is the extinguishable fire on earth, in
comparison with the unquenchable fire of hell? What is the fire of man's
kindling in comparison with the fire of God's kindling? What is fire fed
by wood in comparison with fire fed by the breath of God? No fire here can
torment like to the fire which God has prepared for the bodies of the wicked
hereafter. You have seen fiery ovens, and you have heard of Nebuchadnezzar's
fiery furnace. Should your bodies now be thrown into such fires, you would
find them horribly painful. But the pains of hell-fire will be ten thousand
times more horrible and tormenting. Your bodies now cannot endure much pain,
without expiring which puts an end there unto. But hereafter God will strengthen
your bodies to endure. They shall have greater strength and quicker sense,
and so more capacity for pain, and they shall be filled to the uttermost
of their capacity. Your bodies shall never die, and they shall be filled
with pain in extremity, and that to eternity. This will be very sore. All
the tortures that ever were invented by the most mischievous mind, or executed
by the most cruel tyrant on whom they have had the greatest spleen unto,
are not so much as the least gentle touch in comparison with the torture
which the least member of the damned shall endure in hell.
Some of you have had extreme pain in your heads. Others have had extreme
pain in your bowels. Others have been extremely afflicted with pain in your
legs. Others have felt much torture with the pain in your teeth. But if
you live and die in sin, you shall be extremely and eternally tortured with
pain in every part. Your eyes shall be full of pain, your tongues full of
pain, your hands full of pain, your heads full of pain, your backs full
of pain, your bellies full of pain, your feet full of pain, from the crown
of your head unto the sole of your feet, no part shall be free. Your bodies
shall roll and tumble in flames, and there burn with horrible pain, and
yet never be consumed.
But the anguish of your soul will far exceed the tortures of your bodies,
and here words fail, conceptions fall short. Who can tell how the worm of
conscience will bite! How dreadful the lashes of your consciences will be,
when they are let loose (as God's executioners) with full rage upon you?
Who can utter the anguish you shall endure under the immediate impressions
of God's wrath upon your souls. This will exceed whatever can be inflicted
by the means of any second causes. The punishment of hell-fire will be very
sore and intolerable. Such as are tender cannot without unutterable fear
and grief bear the thoughts of being burned alive here on earth, and oh
the shriekings of such persons, when they have been brought to the fire,
and the flames have begun to seize upon them! Oh, I cannot endure it! Oh,
I cannot endure it! How intolerable then will hell-fire be! Many martyrs
have endured great tortures in their bodies with much patience, some were
slain with the sword, some burned with fire, some scourged with whips, some
stabbed with iron forks, some their skins plucked off while alive, some
their tongues cut out, some stoned to death, some starved with hunger and
cold, some dismembered and naked to the shame of the world; and yet in the
midst of all their pains they have had a composed mind. Yes, sometimes have
been filled with joy. God has not suffered man to inflict upon them more
than he has given them strength to bear; but there will be no patience to
undergo the pains of hell. The spirit will utterly sink under the heavy
burden and pressure thereof, especially the pressure of that pure and weighty
wrath, which shall be immediately upon the soul. The terrours of conscience
here and forecasts of wrath are intolerable in this world, Proverbs 18:14.
The spirit of man will sustain his infirmity, but a wounded spirit who can
bear? If the body be infirm and weak, full of distemper and pain, yet while
the spirit is whole and sound, while there is peace within, the spirit may
sustain this, and bear up under it. But if the spirit be wounded by the
arrows of the Almighty shot into it, who can bear it? If God let fall some
scalding drops of his wrath upon the spirit, if he kindle a spark of hell-fire
in your conscience, who can endure it? No balm, no physician on earth can
cure such wounds. No earthly riches or sensual delights can aswage these
inward griefs and horrours, which by the hand of God are imprinted upon
the spirit: when the wicked are filled with dispairful agonies, through
apprehension of future approaching wrath, and there remains nothing but
a fearful looking for a judgement and fiery indignation, which shall devour
the adversaries, Hebrews 10:26. This is enough to sink the heart of the
stoutest under it's burden. And if the wounds of the spirit here are so
intolerable, what will those be which the Lord with such mighty force and
by his immediate hand shall give hereafter? If you cannot bear some drops
of God's wrath now, what will you do when the full vials of God's wrath
shall be poured out upon you, if you be found under the guilt of sin? If
you cannot endure the sparks of hell-fire, how will you endure the flames,
and most burning heat thereof? If the forecasts of hell affect your heart
with such horrour, and the fears of it fill the spirit with such amazement,
what will hell itself do when the pains and anguish thereof are beyond the
greatest fears, and highest conceptions of it?
Should you fall into the hands of the most cruel men to torture and massacre
you, this would be fearful. Should you fall under the power of devils to
tear and rend you, this would be more fearful. But to fall into the hands
of God, this will be most fearful. This you cannot bear. And yet if you
are wicked, you must bear it, and that to eternity. And can you sleep still
in sin, under the thoughts of such danger?
Secondly, Consider the sureness and unavoid-ableness of hell-fire. Nothing
is more sure than what God has revealed in his Word, and nothing more unavoidable
than what God has threatened; and such is the tormenting of the wicked and
ungodly in the flames of hell-fire. While you are here upon the earth, there
is a possibility of escaping future torments. Pardon, peace, and salvation
are attainable. If you lay your sins to heart, if you confess and forsake
them, you may find mercy. If by faith you apply yourselves unto the Lord
Jesus you shall not perish but obtain eternal life. But if go on still in
your trespasses, if you live and die in a state of impenitence and unbelief,
it will be impossible for you to escape. Indeed could you make your party
good against God, could you gather forces together, and wage war against
heaven and obtain the victory, you might avoid the threatened punishment.
But alas God is infinite in power, and will not permit any such attempts.
You will not be able to hold up your head or hand against him. Who can stand
in his sight when once he is angry? God will bind all the devils and wicked
men and women together in chains of darkness, stronger than any iron chains,
and none shall be able to make any resistance. Could you hide yourselves
at the last day from his eye; could you fly from his presence into some
remote corner, could you creep under some rock or mountain, and there be
covered from his view you might think to escape. But this cannot be. God's
eye will follow you, and his hand will reach you whither soever you go.
Could you by your prayers and tears move God to compassion, and prevail
for mercy as now you may do, there might be some hopes of avoiding this
punishment. But soon God's ear will be shut, and the doors of mercy shut
against you forever. Your knocking at the door will be in vain. It will
never be opened. Your cries and prayers will be to no purpose. They will
receive no answer. Hereafter the punishment of hell will be unavoidable
by the wicked.
Thirdly, Consider the nearness of this punishment of hell. The sands of
your life are running swiftly. The time of your abode here is wasting very
fast. Your bodies will quickly be in the grave, and if you die in your sins,
your soul will be as quickly in hell. You cannot long escape this punishment.
You may shuffle the thoughts of God and future wrath out of your mind for
a time. You may busy your thoughts about other things while you are here.
But all these things will shortly shrink away from you, and leave you naked,
and you must stand before God to be judged by him, and to be condemned by
him, and to be punished by him. God will meet you as a bear bereaved of
her whelps, and rend the caul of your heart, or like a roaring lion, and
tear you in pieces; when there shall be none to deliver. God will take you
into his hand, and throw you out of his presence into the bottomless gulf
of unquenchable burnings. I think this should awaken you.
Fourthly, And lastly, consider the everlastingness of hell-fire, and your
torment which there you must endure, if you be found in the number of unbelievers.
The wrath of God will never be at an end. The worm of your conscience will
never die, and the fire of hell will never go out; but the smoke of your
torment will ascend up forever and ever. When you have been the space of
as many years in hell, as there are stars in the firmament, as there are
drops of dew upon the earth in the morning, as there are spires of grass
which spring out of the earth, as there are drops of water in the ocean,
as are there sands upon the seashore, your torments will be as far from
being aswaged, and as far from being ended, as at the first minute of your
entrance into this dreadful place. As there is an infinite space of place
(if I may so call it to help our apprehensions) beyond the circumference
of the heavens, and the visible world in comparison with which ten thousand
millions of worlds would not fill up the space of the least speck: so there
is an infinite space of duration beyond the circumference and bounds of
time in comparison with which the duration of ten thousand millions of worlds
for ten thousand millions of years, would not be so much as a minute, or
the least imaginable instant. And this whole eternity you, if wicked, must
spend in extremity of torment. The real length of eternal torment cannot
be measured, and the imaginary length will be greater (if I may so say)
because of your misery. If a short time of misery here on earth seem long,
what will an eternity of misery seem to be in hell? When the body is in
health, and the soul is sweetened with delight, time steals away insensibly,
years seem months, months weeks, weeks days, days hours. But when the body
is sick and the soul embittered with sorrow, a short time seems long, and
it passes away slowly in our apprehension. Hours seem days, days weeks,
weeks months, months years. How do we count the clock, and reckon the sands
that fall in the glass, and time seems to have a leaden heel. How long then
will the eternity of misery in extremity seem to be? I believe that the
space of one quarter of an hour in hell will seem longer to the damned that
a whole life of misery in this world. Yes, I think I may add that a minute's
pain in hell will seem longer to the wicked than a thousand years of pleasures
in heaven to the righteous, who will sweetly pass forward in the infinite
duration of joy, without the least trouble or tediousness. So that the eternity
of misery in hell will be as it were a double, triple, yes thousand-fold
eternity.
I think these considerations should startle all you that are asleep in sin.
I think they should make your hearts to quake, and every joint to tremble.
I think the sinners in Zion should be afraid and fearfulness should surprise
the hypocrites, and I should hear some of you cry out, as Isaiah 33:14.
Who among us shall dwell with devouring fire? Who among us shall inhabit
everlasting burnings? and as the jailor in Acts 16:29, 30, when awakened
by the earthquake, and the impression of guilt was made by God upon his
conscience: Sirs, what shall we do to be saved?
Chapter 9
Use of comfort to the righteous
Such of you as are righteous through the perfect righteousness of Christ
made yours by faith, without the imputation of which (whatever righteousness
you may have within you, because imperfect) it is impossible you should
escape the damnation of hell; you that are clothed with the white robes
of Christ's righteousness, under which all your iniquities are covered,
and with all have the spirit of Christ given unto you, to work you into
a conformity unto the image of Christ in your regeneration and sanctification,
which are inseparably joined unto justification by faith; you may take comfort
in this Doctrine, which is matter of such terrour unto the wicked and ungodly.
As in Samson's riddle, out of the strong and fierce lion came forth honey
and sweetness: So this Doctrine which looks with such a fierce aspect upon
those which are out of Christ, yet will yield sweetness unto you which are
in him, because there is no condemnation unto them which are in Christ Jesus,
Romans 8:1. Because Jesus has delivered you from the wrath to come. I Thessalonians
1:10. Who shall lay anything to your charge, when God has justified you?
Who shall condemn you when God has acquitted you? Need you value then the
wrath of men, when you are delivered from the wrath of God? Need you fear
mens' threatenings of temporal punishment, which can reach no farther than
the body, when you are delivered from condemnation to the eternal punishment
of soul and body in the lake which burns with fire and brimstone? What does
it matter though you should lose your estates, since you are not in danger
of losing your souls? What does it matter though you should be thrown into
a prison on earth, since you are not in danger of being thrown into the
prison of hell? You may take comfort and the consideration of this may alleviate
all your fears and grief upon the account of any pains and afflictions,
which in this life are upon you, or you are in danger of. You may say of
them all, these are not the torments of hell. These are light, the other
heavy; these short, the other eternal. Lift up then your heads with joy.
Yet a little while and you shall see what a difference the Lord will put
between you and the wicked. When they shall weep, you shall laugh. When
they shall mourn, you shall be glad. When they shall cry and howl, you shall
sing and leap for joy. When they shall go with fighting to hell, and everlasting
horrour in their hearts, and all mirth and joy shall flee away from them
forever; you shall come with singing to heaven, and everlasting joy in your
hearts, and all sorrow and mourning shall flee away and never any more be
found.
Chapter 10
Use of exhortation both to the wicked
and righteous
And now sinners what will you do? Will you dare to go on in that broad way
of sin, which before long will open under you, and let you down into the
horrible gulf of unquenchable burnings? Can you be contented with a portion
in this life, and to receive all your good things here, when fire andbrimstone,
and everlasting burnings shall be the portion of your cup hereafter? Will
any pleasure of the flesh and sin for a season countervail that everlasting
pain and misery, which will be the bitter fruit and consequent of them?
Let me therefore exhort you without any delay to come out of the broad way
of sin. It is the way of hell, and will you proceed any further in it? You
that are profane and unclean, you that are swearers, Sabbath-breakers, scoffers
of religion, persecutors of God's people, drunkards, covetous persons, yes,
all you that are hypocrites, that are impenitent and unbelieving persons,
give me leave to stop you in your course, or rather hearken unto the voice
of God in his Word, who calls you to turn from your evil ways, that iniquity
may not be your ruin. Come out of the broad way, and get into the narrow
way. It has a strait gate, namely the gate of regeneration. This you most
pass through; you must become new creatures, get new hearts, and lead new
lives. You must walk in the narrow way of mortification, self-denial, new
obedience, otherwise you will certainly be numbered among the damned, who
will be everlastingly burned in the fire of hell. The passage is difficult,
and the way narrow, but both are necessary. It is the passage from death
to life, and the way from hell to heaven.
Please visit our other web sites: The
Torments of Hell, The
Narrow Way, The
Glory of Heaven, The
Terrors of Hell
, Suicide: Gateway
to Peace? and The
Pilgrim's Progress Primer. To read an account of a modern examples of
conversion similar to those described by Jonathan Edwards in A
Faithful Narrative, please see The
Testimony of Eye-Kyung Choi.
Fire and Brinstone in Hell is available in tract form along with other sermons and books by puritan writers from: